On July 27, New York Governor Kathy Hochul announced the release of the state's third competitive offshore wind solicitation (RFP), seeking to procure a minimum of 2,000 megawatts (MW) of new offshore wind generation capacity, as well as significant capital investment in New York's bourgeoning offshore wind energy supply chain. New York's Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act of 2019 established the goal of developing 9,000 MW of offshore wind capacity, the largest statutory goal to-date of any state in the country, by 2035. Combined with the 4,300 MW of offshore wind generation capacity procured through its prior two solicitations, the RFP will put the state more than two-thirds of the way towards reaching that target.
As with the prior two solicitations, the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) will administer the RFP, and will be the counterparty to agreements entered into with the developers of selected proposals.NYSERDA将签订协议购买选定项目生成的离岸风能证书(ORECs),协议基础为开发商提议的固定或指数价。每位开发商必须包含一份至少25年期的建议书,用于向NYSERDA出售ORECs的合同。开发商将保留与ORECs相关联的电能、容量和辅助服务出售权。
RFP仅限于从美国获得风能租约(执行或临时租约)的开发商海洋能源管理局 和每个建议必须显示 向纽约提供电提案中包含的每个离岸风生成设施(可能不包含三个以上设施)必须最小名牌容量为(a)千兆瓦或(b)设施租区最大可用容量,而租区必须位于美国海水容量小于1,000兆瓦高压直接流技术将需安装电网约束区的所有项目使用HVDC使用时,项目必须“打乱备战状态”,或设计时有能力连接离岸电源变电站,从岸上多个离岸风力生成设施带电这一要求旨在加强发电机提供电的可靠性,并为未来的近海风项目提供灵活性。
Each开发者提交建议书时还必须包括供应链投资计划(SCIP ) 。 SCIP的拟议融资可能包括纽约州3亿元资金,如果本地制造nacelles或lips建议书必须包括至少2.00美元的非国家开发建设费用万博体育app手机登录hrefss/grebank.ny.gov/NYGreenBank 筹资(可算作非州筹资)EST处理RFP关键内容,包括资格标准、提交要求、建议书评价过程、合同承诺和授标后过程和协议Interested parties may register here.投标者必须在12月1日前向NYSERDA提交意向通知,最后建议书必须在12月21日前提交
The revised TEN-E Regulation 2022 continues to work towards developing better connected energy networks while updating the TEN-E framework to focus on the latest environmental targets and ensuring consistency with the climate neutrality objectives set out in the EU Green Deal.
Towards a better integrated and greener EU energy market
The TEN-E Regulation 2022 reallocates and identifies 11 priority corridors with the purpose of meeting objectives to (i) reduce carbon emissions by 55% by 2030 and (ii) achieve carbon neutrality by 2050.优先通道侧重于更新基础设施类别,如近海电网通道和可再生和低碳气体,如氢解电机天然气基础设施和石油管道将不再有资格获得PCI状态TEN-E条例2022还确定了新的优先专题领域:(一) 采行配有IT技术(“智能电网”)电气网络;(二) 开发跨边界二氧化碳网络。
/p>能源基础设施项目proto侧重于推广绿色清洁能源的项目可获取PCI状态,如近海风能和可再生/低碳氢化注解氢或可混入其他气体(如天然气或生物甲烷)或自成一体的能源源TEN-E第2022号条例也鼓励智能电网和二氧化碳运输存储的PCIs 。补充地说,TEN-E第2022号条例将欧盟能源市场边界扩展至第三国,为所谓的互利项目引入新合作机制与PCIs相似,如果他们为欧盟总体能源和气候政策提供保障和去碳化服务,可选择它们。
欧盟委员会将每两年通过PCIs和PMIs清单(“EU链表”),第一批欧盟链表将在2023年11月30日前通过。
TEN-E规范2022还为欧盟链表中所有项目规定了新义务PCIs和PMI必须满足强制可持续性标准,并依照举例说,估计耗资8 000亿欧元提高近海可再生能源的摄取量,根据欧盟绿色交易目标,其中三分之二将用于相关电网基础设施。电力传输配电网单实现2030目标每年估计平均投资505亿欧元。
并举,帮助支付巨额费用,欧盟清单上的PCIs和PMIs可能有资格获得财政援助:
连接欧洲机制下Finance支持The European Commission seeks stakeholders' feedback until 18 November on its proposal to define cross-border projects in the field of renewable energy generation that would be eligible to receive EU funding under Connecting European Facility instrument.
In July 2021, the European Union adopted its Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) program for the period 2021-2027 worth EUR 33.71 billion to fund the development of high-performing infrastructures in the transport, energy and digital sectors.
Out of the CEF program devoted to energy (EUR 5.83 billion), 15% (EUR 875 million) is earmarked for a new category of eligible projects, namely ‘cross-border projects in the field of renewable energy', including for instance the generation of renewable energy from on- and offshore wind, solar energy, sustainable biomass, ocean energy, geothermal energy, or combinations thereof, their connection to the grid and additional elements such as storage or conversion facilities.
The Commission is now consulting stakeholders on its draft delegated act aiming at laying down the specific selection criteria and selection procedure of cross-border projects in the field of renewable energy.europa.eu/info/law/better调控/Have-your-say/intiatives/13239-Re在这方面,委员会强调推广者似可申请可再生能源领域跨边界项目状况,但不申请CEF供资状态确实必须被视为项目“质量标签”,允许推广者从市场或从会员国获得适当资金ec.europa.eu/news/cef-Energy-eu1-munds-support-prete-stude-service-s/p/p>Covington团队拥有丰富经验帮助你从早期阶段构建欧盟能源项目帮助您准备对咨询的回应-我们经常对一系列问题做-后,设计您的项目并按CEF、欧盟国家援助法、能源监管、公共订约和项目融资供资万博体育app手机登录ahrfss/www.cov.com/en/candido-garcia-molyneux'>CandidoGarcía Molyneux Energy and Project Development and Finance teams.
Driven by the entry of renewable generation resources locating far from load centers and the new demands placed on the grid by their differing characteristics, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) launched a comprehensive review of its policies regarding regional transmission planning, interconnection and cost-allocation. In an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANOPR), the agency requested public comments on its current policies and offered potential areas for reform with a view toward anticipated future generation. According to FERC Chairman Richard Glick, "(a) piecemeal approach to expanding the transmission system is not going to get the job done.We must take steps today to build the transmission that tomorrow's new generation resources will require."
This initiative is likely to result in specific proposals from FERC and ultimately reform of its rules and policies that could substantially change how the electric grid is planned and paid for. Accordingly, the ANOPR should be of interest to any company with a current or anticipated interest in, or use of, grid facilities.
This is the second initiative in as many months that FERC has taken a big step toward addressing the kind of grid needed for renewable generation As discussed in a prior post to the blog, last month FERC established a Joint Federal-State Task Force on Electric Transmission with state and local regulatory agencies to address barriers to transmission planning and development, opportunities for states to coordinate on regional transmission solutions, and barriers to interconnecting new resources.
The ANOPR
After providing a comprehensive discussion of its current policies regarding transmission planning, cost allocation and interconnection, FERC says "it is now appropriate to examine whether the existing regional transmission planning and cost allocation and generator interconnection processes adequately account for the transmission needs of the changing resource mix." Accordingly, the ANOPR identifies the following major aspects as potential areas for reform.关于每一方面,ANOPR请求评论当前政策的适当性并同时建议潜在的改革。
Identifying the benefits, cost and responsibility for grid facilities. One potential reform is to eliminate the current policy that requires interconnecting generators to pay the total cost of grid network upgrades that would not be needed but for the interconnection. FERC observes that a network upgrade may sufficiently benefit grid customers or later-in-time interconnections that it is appropriate to allocate the costs more broadly. Eliminating the policy could increase integration of generation by reducing cost uncertainty to resources in the interconnection queue and by removing a potentially prohibitive cost assignment to the resource first in line in the interconnection queue, which will bear the full brunt of needed grid upgrade costs that may also benefit resources next in line.
Enhanced transmission oversight. Given the potentially significant investment in transmission facilities to come, FERC is considering enhanced oversight of transmission planning and spending to ensure that transmission rates remain just and reasonable. For example, FERC could require that transmission providers establish an independent entity to monitor the planning and cost of transmission facilities in a region and to possibly provide advice on the design and implementation of the regional transmission planning and cost allocation processes.FERC also requests comment on involving state commissions in transmission planning and cost allocation processes and in limiting the costs that can be recovered for regional transmission facilities that are abandoned prior to going into service.
Commissioner statements
While the ANOPR was approved unanimously, all four commissioners issued concurring statements.[1]
Chairman Glick and Commissioner Clements issued a joint concurrence that provides a deeper discussion of certain topics than appears in the ANOPR, such as the extent of the shift toward renewable resources and the reasons for it. The concurrence is also more conclusory regarding how and why the current regional transmission planning, cost allocation and generator interconnection processes may no longer ensure just and reasonable rates for transmission service. Finally, the concurrence offers the following:
We anticipate that this effort will be the Commission's principal focus in the months to come.In addition to reviewing the record assembled in response to today's order, we intend to explore technical conferences and other avenues for augmenting that record—including through the joint federal-state task force (footnote omitted)—before proceeding to reform our rules and regulations.
Commissioner Danly's concurrence observes that many of the proposals would "exceed or cede our jurisdictional authority, violate cost causation principles, create stifling layers of oversight and ‘coordination,' trample transmission owners' rights, force neighboring states' ratepayers to shoulder the costs of other states' public policy choices, treat renewables as a new favored class of generation with line-jumping privileges, and perhaps inadvertently lead to much less transmission being built and at much greater all-in cost to ratepayers." Accordingly, Commissioner Danly requests that comments address whether each proposal is a proper exercise of the Commission's authority and the ultimate effect on ratepayers.
Commissioner Christie's concurrence notes that "(t)his consideration of potential reforms is especially timely as the transmission system faces the challenge of maintaining reliability through the changing generation mix and efforts to reduce carbon emissions" but notes that he does not endorse any of the proposals included in the order.
Comment deadlines
Initial and reply comments on the ANOPR are due 75 days, and 105 days, respectively, after publication in the Federal Register.
[1] Commissioner Chatterjee, whose term has expired, did not participate in this matter.
In the AJP, the Administration explains that one of its goals is to "[e]stablish the United States as a leader in climate science, innovation, and R&D." As part of this effort, the Administration has vowed to invest in demonstration floating offshore wind projects. This is not the only recent federal action that has signaled Washington's newfound support for offshore wind. In December, Congress extended investment and project tax credits for offshore wind projects. The next month, the Administration summarized a collection of federal actions underscoring its commitment to create 30 gigawatts ("GW") of electricity via offshore wind by 2030.
Government actions already have delivered impressive early progress towards this goal.EPA最近https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-app-air-perti-dection-Educe-winde-wind-a hrefss/www.boem.gov/boem-annocations-Enview-report-ween-force-facility-offshore-Rhode-Island-and-Massachusts'项目Rhode-Island-and-MassachusettsIn 2019, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management ("BOEM") released a statement explaining that it had "15 active commercial leases for offshore wind development that could support more than 21 gigawatts of generating capacity."
While states up and down the Atlantic Coast has seen a flurry of recent activity, states along the Pacific coast promise to play an important role in achieving the Administration's goals. California in particular appears well positioned to become a leader in offshore wind. A recent study estimates that California has over 200 GW of potential offshore wind capacity, 8.4 GW of which exist in current BOEM "call areas" off of California's central and northern coast.For reference, the California Energy Commission estimated that in 2018 California had approximately 80 GW of electric generation capacity installed across the state. These numbers make it clear that offshore wind in California could go a long way towards meeting the Biden Administration's generation target.
Offshore wind is now poised to play an important role meeting state emission reduction targets, including California's goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2045. After all, it is a natural complement to California's robust solar generation: it picks up in the evening when the sun goes down, and remains a strong resource overnight. Offshore wind therefore provides a pathway to round-the-clock electricity from renewable resources.
Despite the fact that offshore wind has not yet been utilized in California, a recent joint energy agency study concluded that California will need to harness at least 10 GW of offshore wind to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. Some do not want to wait that long, and are considering aggressive intermediate targets for offshore wind generation. A previous version of California Assembly Bill 525, proposed formal offshore wind goals for the state, including 3 GW by 2030 and 10 GW by 2040.
Just this week, California and the federal government signaled how serious they are about harnessing this renewable resource to achieve their respective goals. On Tuesday, Governor Newsom and the Biden Administration announced plans to sell offshore wind leases in two of the three existing BOEM call areas: large parcels in Morro Bay and off the coast of Humboldt County. It is estimated that placing turbines on floating platforms 20 to 30 miles off the coast in these areas could generate a total of 4.6 GW of electricity—enough to power 1.6 million homes. Officials are optimistic that the lease sale will occur in 2022.
Despite the state and federal optimism, there are some obstacles that will need to be addressed. In addition to concerns from environmentalists and the fishing industry, some of these concerns include:
- Design Challenges The areas that have the greatest potential for offshore wind in California are much deeper than their Atlantic counterparts. As such, the turbines cannot be mounted on the seafloor, but instead will need to be on floating platforms. This technology is currently expensive, but the rapid technological advances in Europe's offshore wind industry could be a reason for optimism.
- Ocean Use Conflicts Historically, the U.S.Navy has voiced its concerns about offshore windfarms in California causing issues with the Navy's readiness drills along the coast. The Navy has recently changed course, however, and has explained that it is willing to coordinate regarding the siting of a windfarm in Morro Bay, California.
- Transmission Capacity Because offshore windfarms will be located in federal waters several miles off the coast, transmitting the generated electricity will require the construction of new transmission capacity, including seafloor transmission lines that span multiple miles. These lines will then need to connect to the existing onshore grid. Helpfully, two BOEM call areas in California—Morro Bay and Diablo Canyon—have existing transmission infrastructure that could provide potential grid connection points for electricity generated via offshore wind: a nuclear plant slated for retirement in Diablo Canyon, and a retired power plant in Morro Bay.
- Installation Bottleneck As some have pointed out, a century-old law, the Jones Act, poses logistical issues for the installation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines. The Jones Act limits the transportation of merchandise by water between U.S.ports to vessels that are: built in the United States, registered in the United States, and owned by a United States citizen. But the installation of turbines requires specialized ships that the United States does not have— For its part, the Administration sees this as an opportunity as much as an obstacle. It has noted that the construction of a new fleet will be a key source of union jobs. The Administration recently emphasized that offshore wind has already generated jobs in onshore supply chains, including in the steel industry and shipyards as the United States constructs its "first Jones Act compliant wind turbine installation vessel." One report describes construction of that vessel, the Charybdis, as generating 800 jobs in a Brownsville, Texas shipyard that has previously produced offshore oil rigs.
Time will tell whether 30 GW within ten years is achievable given the current obstacles. But the recent pivot of major oil producers to offshore wind bodes well.石油大公司有数十年经验,使复杂近海项目结业并接入大规模建设近海风能所需的资本和供应链行政当局支持近海风能开发的承诺因此可能为它提供独特的契机与化石燃料行业的从业者合作实现雄心勃勃的创造就业和减排目标。