The Regulation's market intervention is exceptional (albeit in response to an extraordinary geopolitical market disruption). It will have widespread positive and negative impacts for energy market sellers and buyers. These circumstances may provoke a range of disputes, transaction (re)structurings or additional compliance obligations that will require expert advice and understanding of the details of the Regulation.
Reduction in electricity consumption
EU Member States will endeavour to reach an overall 10% reduction in electricity consumption by all consumers. The benchmark against which that reduction will be measured is the average of gross electricity consumption in the corresponding months of the reference period, i.e.11月1日至前5年3月31日,自2017年开始此外,为降低零售价并增强供应安全,成员国有义务在峰值时将电耗减少5%(定义为日头批发电价预期最高日间时数!总电耗预期最高或可再生能源以外的源电总耗量预期最高)。自2022年12月1日至2023年3月31日适用这些措施。
参数中包括防止违反欧盟绿色目标的保障措施成员国只能为未按预期耗电提供经济补偿市场运营商除收入外所支付的财政补偿金额必须通过竞争过程确定。 非加气/硬煤电厂剩余收入Cap
确定这种上限水平,以免转移可再生能源投资是一项复杂工作。高压电价高于过去十年平均批发电价和当前能源平化成本相关发电技术。
UnlikeIberian半岛 < ahrfs='chrome-extension/feaidnbnibcpclefmkaj/https/ec.eu/competice/state_aid/cass1/20225/SA_102454_407781-00-C327-A344-3EC9A772C4AF_72_1.pdf>成员国必须使用封顶剩余收入支持终端电客。剩余拥塞收入来自跨区容量分配,由传输系统操作符累积正常市场环境下,相关TEO可自由决定是否使用欧盟 The Regulation also contains a provision to redistribute the surplus revenues between net importing and exporting countries, to ensure that all Member States have the resources needed to support their final customers. Retail price regulation of electricity The Regulation allows SMEs to benefit temporarily from State intervention in setting the retail electricity price. This provision foresees the possibility that the end price could even be set below cost, provided that such an intervention does not distort demand reduction and that suppliers are both compensated and not discriminated against. Since State intervention in electricity pricing is generally considered to create market distortions, it is normally only permitted in specific and limited circumstances – as set out in the Electricity Directive – through the entrustment of a Public Service Obligation (PSO).委判定当前状况满足这些条件,因此监管授权偏离欧盟 /p>理事会授权将这笔捐款的收益用于向最终能源客户提供财政支持-特别侧重于脆弱家庭和能源密集产业(后者必须使用支持投资于可再生能源、能效或其他去碳化技术)。 Covington将继续监控并更新当前危机背景下欧盟法律的最新动态。
With the UK due to host the COP 26 climate summit in a year's time, the UK Government is keen to set out its credentials as a global ‘green‘ leader and demonstrate not only that it can make good on its election promise to level up (with much of the promised Green Industrial Revolution investment being focused in old industrial heartlands in the North of England), but that it intends to seize the coronavirus pandemic as an opportunity to build back better and create a genuine green revolution.
On 18 November, the Prime Minister announced a 10-point Plan billed as the Green Industrial Revolution Plan—which should be seen in that context and is the Government's Blueprint for delivering on the UK's domestic legal commitment to be a net zero economy by 2050.未来数月将制定一连串实施计划的立法,并允诺实施氢化战略(见下文)。
初始分配40亿英镑支持计划,政府已在Spring预算中承诺80亿英镑,目标是到2030年从私营部门获取三倍的投资该国政府宣布250,000个新工作会因计划实施而产生。
计划广受欢迎为良好起始点,尽管一些批评者指出,鉴于挑战规模不足,分配的资金不足。The Plan positions the UK as a leader in the run-up to COP26 and enables the Government to credibly encourage other countries to follow suit.
This post summarises the main points of the Plan, and provides some preliminary comments relevant for companies in the energy, project finance and technology fields.
1) Offshore wind: The UK will quadruple its offshore wind capacity to 40GW by 2030.
Comment: That is enough to power every UK home at current demand levels, but the UK's electricity demand will go up as homes switch from gas to electric heating and from hydrocarbon to
electric-powered vehicles, so significant additional generating capacity will have to come on line in the years up to and beyond 2030.
2) Hydrogen: The UK will aim to generate 5GW of "low-carbon" hydrogen production capacity by 2030, with the creation of a Hydrogen Neighbourhood in 2023 and a Hydrogen Village by 2025.家用 hygen提供量将先与气混合化(当前集聚量 untected)
9) Nature: The UK will plant 30,000 hectares of trees every year to restore the natural environment and invest to improve new flood and coastal defences in England by 2027.
Comment: the flood-and coastal defence improvement will cost £5 billion of the total £12 billion committed to support this suite of measures.
10) Innovation and finance: The UK will make the City of London the global centre of green finance.
Comment: Green finance, prioritising low-carbon technologies, is already a growing sector, and investors such as pension funds are increasingly looking to green their portfolios.税收奖励可以帮助鼓励更多投资者沿同一路线下游公有绿色基础建设库提案似乎并未列入此计划英国政府撤销对海外油气项目的资助和支持的建议
2类条款似乎是委员会调查焦点:
- Clauses 预防LNG货物移向欧盟内部替代目的地
- restricts rei/p>
2002年委员会调查NLNG尼日利亚天然气公司供应合同的领土销售限制5年后,它调查阿尔及利亚公司SonatrachLNG供应合同中的类似限制在上述两例中,委员会结束调查后,公司承诺删除LNG合同中的目的地条款。
事实上,委员会观察LNG部分已有相当长一段时间。ahrefss/ec.europa.eu/studies/follow-study-lng-sortage-strategy2017年6月,日本公平贸易委员会(JFC)结束全部门密集审查和辩论后得出结论,LNG供应合同中的目的地条款和转移限制和利润分享机制视相关合同条件而有可能或极有可能违反日本反垄断法不久后,韩国公平贸易委员会同样开始研究这些条款对竞争的影响。欧盟委员会和印度竞争委员会还去年与JFC签署了双边合作协议,旨在抑制LNG安排中问题目的地条款。
在前几例中,委员会较详细地审议了各类游戏安排和约束(目的地条款和潜在变异,如利润分享机制、隐式条件(FOB、DES、CIF等)),JFC2017年6月报告也进行了详细审议。无论其方法如何,都可公平假设委员会调查可能产生的影响远远超出本案特性并可能影响大LNG行业。
- restricts rei/p>